Investing in Spain: Yields, Appreciation & Ownership
Who can buy, how ownership works, and the taxes and duties for buying property in Spain.
Who can buy in Spain
Spain places no nationality restriction on buying residential property; foreigners enjoy the same freehold ownership rights as Spaniards. The main requirement is an NIE foreigner identification number, plus a Spanish bank account in practice. The Golden Visa investment residency route was abolished in April 2025, but that does not affect the right to buy. A 2025 proposal to double transfer tax for non EU non residents remains under debate and is not law. A notary formalises every deed.
| Buyer | Permitted | Tenure | Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resident citizen and EU national | Yes | Freehold | No restriction |
| Foreign national | Yes | Freehold | Needs an NIE number; same rights as nationals |
| Non resident buyer | Yes | Freehold | Allowed; 3 percent withholding on later sale; proposed surcharge not yet law |
Capital gains on a sale
Selling property triggers national capital gains tax plus a local plusvalia on land value. Residents pay it within the IRPF savings scale, running 19 percent up to 6,000 euros and rising to 30 percent above 300,000 euros. Non residents pay a flat 19 percent if from the EU or EEA, 24 percent otherwise, on the net gain. There is no holding period split, but a 3 percent withholding applies to non resident sellers.
| Holding period | Classification | Tax rate | Indexation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resident, any period | Savings income scale | 19 percent to 30 percent by gain size | No, abolished; acquisition costs deductible |
| Non resident, EU or EEA | Flat | 19 percent on net gain | No |
| Non resident, non EU | Flat | 24 percent on net gain | No |
Laws change. Always consult a licensed real estate attorney before purchasing. Consult a qualified chartered accountant for advice specific to your tax profile. Rules change; verify with a professional before you transact.
Frequently asked questions about Spain
Yes. Needs an NIE number; same rights as nationals
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